Pono ʻoe i kahi kiwikā no kahi laina ʻoihana a kemika paha, akā ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo inā hiki i ka palaki ke hoʻomanawanui i ke kaomi. ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka kiwikā hewa e alakaʻi i nā leaka weliweli, ka manawa hoʻomaha pipiʻi, a me kahi hanana palekana nui.

ʻO kahi kiwikā poepoe PP maikaʻi, e like me kā mākou mau hiʻohiʻona Pntek, loaʻa iā ia kahi helu kaomi PN16. ʻO ke ʻano kēia hiki iā ia ke lawelawe palekana i 16 bar (ma kahi o 235 PSI) ma ka mahana o ka lumi. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi, emi kēia mana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka wai.

Ke kamaʻilio wau me nā hoa hana e like me Eric Lim ma Malaysia, ʻaʻole wale ka helu o ke kaomi he helu; e pili ana ia i ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi. Hoʻolako kāna ʻoihana i nā papahana ma Asia Hikina Hema, a pono lākou e ʻike ʻaʻole e hāʻule nā ​​huahana a lākou e kūʻai aku ai. ʻO ka helu kaomi i ʻōlelo ʻia o kahi valve ke kumu hoʻomaka, akā aia ka ʻike maoli i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o kāna hana ma lalo o nā kūlana o ke ao maoli. ʻO kēia ʻike ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i kahi hana maʻalahi mai kahi hui maoli, a ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kālele nei ma Pntek.

He aha ka helu kaomi o kahi valve pōpō?

ʻIke ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo e like me CLASS 150, PN16, a me CWP ma nā pepa ʻikepili a huikau. Hiki i kēia huikau ke alakaʻi i ke kauoha hewa ʻana i ka valve hewa, e hana ana i kahi ʻōnaehana palekana ʻole no kāu mea kūʻai aku.

Hōʻike ka helu kaomi iā ʻoe i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa e hiki ai i kahi valve ke lawelawe palekana ma kahi mahana kikoʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kūlana like ʻole e like me PN (ʻEulopa), Papa (ʻAmelika), a me CWP (General), no laila pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻōnaehana āu e nānā nei.

E wehewehe kākou i kēia mau huaʻōlelo no ka mea he maʻalahi ia ma mua o ka mea i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka helu kaomi ka kikoʻī palekana koʻikoʻi loa no kekahi valve. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohana nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka honua a me nā ʻoihana like ʻole i nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole, hiki ke huikau. No nā ʻōnaehana paipu plastik, e ʻike pinepine ʻoe i kaPNhelu. ʻO "PN" ke kū nei noInoa Paʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōlelo Palani no ke kaomi helu. Hōʻike ia i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa i lokopāhiki i ka ʻāpana ke kūpaʻa i ka mahana o ka lumi (20°C). ʻO kekahi helu maʻamau ʻo iaCWP, a i ʻole ke kaomi hana anu. Ua like kēia me PN, e haʻi ana iā ʻoe i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe no nā mahana ambient. No nā valves ʻoihana a me nā metala paha, e ʻike paha ʻoe i kahiPapaka helu (e laʻa, Papa 150, Papa 300), he kūlana ʻAmelika (ANSI) ia e wehewehe ana i nā palena kaomi ma waena o nā ʻano mahana like ʻole. No kā mākou hana, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka PN ke kī.

Nā ʻōnaehana helu kaomi maʻamau

ʻŌnaehana	Kū no	Hoʻohana mua	Laʻana
PN	Inoa Paʻi	Nā paipu a me nā kiwikā thermoplastic (kūlana ʻEulopa)	PN16 (16 pā ma 20°C)
Papa	ʻAʻohe (ANSI Standard)	Nā kiwikā kila a me nā flanges (ʻAmelika maʻamau)	Papa 150
CWP	Kaomi Hana Anu	Nā kiwikā hana maʻamau (Wai, Ea)	600 CWP

He aha ka helu kaomi no nā mea hana polypropylene?

Ua hōʻoia ʻoe ua pololei kāu valve, akā pehea nā mea e pili ana i ia mea? ʻO ka ikaika o kahi ʻōnaehana e like me kona ʻāpana nāwaliwali loa, a ʻo kahi mea kūpono ʻole ke kumu o ka hāʻule nui.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana PN no nā mea hana polypropylene, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo PN10 a i ʻole PN16. No kahi ʻōnaehana hilinaʻi, pono e like a ʻoi aku paha ka helu o ke kaomi o kāu mau mea hana a me nā paipu ma mua o ka helu o kāu mau valves.

Hoʻomanaʻo mau wau iā Eric Lim ʻaʻole hana ka valve ma kahi kaʻawale. Ke kūkulu nei ʻoe i kahiʻōnaehanaInā ʻoe e hoʻokomo i kahi valve pōpō PN16 ikaika akā e hoʻopili iā ia meNā mea hoʻopili PN10, ʻo ke kaomi hana kiʻekiʻe loa o kāu ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa i kēia manawa he PN10 wale nō (10 bar). ʻO ka ʻāpana nāwaliwali loa e kuhikuhi i ka ikaika o ke kaulahao holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ia ke kumu i hōʻoia ai mākou i kā mākou PntekNā kiwikā poepoe PPhe PN16 paʻa. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi kahua paʻa, akā he mea nui e hoʻohui iā lākou me nā paipu PN16 a me nā mea hoʻopili e mālama i kēlā hiki ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe ma o ka laina holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻoi aku hoʻi menā mea hoʻoheheʻe welae like me ka polypropylene, ʻo ia ka mahana. Ke wela ka wai, palupalu ka mea, a emi nui kona hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ke kaomi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'derating', a pono ʻoe e hahai mau i ka ʻōlelo a ka mea hanapakuhi kaomi-mahanae hana me ka palekana.

ʻEhia ka nui o ka psi e hiki ai i kahi valve pōpō ke paʻa?

Makemake wale ʻoe i kahi pane maʻalahi ma PSI, akā aia pinepine nā kikoʻī ma "bar" a i ʻole "PN". ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻololi wikiwiki i kou poʻo he mea pilikia ia ke kau ʻia ka palekana a me ka pono o nā lako.

ʻOkoʻa loa kēia, mai 150 PSI no kekahi mau kiwikā palaki a i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10,000 PSI no nā kiwikā metala kiʻekiʻe kūikawā. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka PSI, e hoʻololi mai ka helu PN: 1 bar ma kahi o 14.5 PSI.

ʻAʻohe pane hoʻokahi i kēia nīnau, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ka nānā ʻana i ka valve kikoʻī āu e hoʻohana nei. ʻO ka mea (PP, PVC, Brass, Stainless Steel), ka nui, a me ka hoʻolālā e hoʻololi i ka pane. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā mākou ke hana maʻalahi loa no kā mākou huahana. ʻO kā mākou PntekNā kiwikā poepoe PPua helu ʻia ʻo PN16. He maʻalahi ka hoʻololi ʻana, a pono e ʻike nā mea a pau o kāu hui: e hoʻonui wale i ka waiwai o ka pā me 14.5. No laila, ʻo ka helu PN16 ke ʻano o ka valve hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i 16 pā o ke kaomi. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka PSI, helu ʻoe: 16 pā x 14.5 PSI/pā = 232 PSI. Hoʻopuni pinepine mākou i kēia i235 PSIno kahi helu maopopo a palekana. ʻO kēia ka helu ma ka mahana ambient. Inā e holo ana kāu mea kūʻai aku ma Kuala Lumpur i ka wai ma 60°C (140°F) ma o ka laina, ʻaʻole kūpono hou kēlā helu 235 PSI. E haʻahaʻa loa ke kaomi palekana, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma kapiʻo e emi ana.

Nā hoʻololi maʻamau o PN i PSI

Ka helu PN	Kaomi ma ka Pā	Kaomi ma PSI (approx.)
PN10	10 pā	145 PSI
PN16	16 pā	235 PSI
PN20	20 pā	290 PSI
PN25	25 pā	362 PSI

He aha ka kiwikā poepoe PP?

ʻIke ʻoe i nā kiwikā PVC a me CPVC ma nā wahi āpau, no laila ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻoe no ke aha ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ai i ka PP. ʻO ka ʻike ʻole i nā pono kūikawā o ka polypropylene ʻo ia hoʻi ke nalo nei ʻoe i ka hopena kūpono no kāu mea kūʻai aku.

ʻO ka kiwikā poepoe PP he kiwikā hapaha-huli i hana ʻia mai ka polypropylene, kahi thermoplastic i mahalo ʻia no kona kūpaʻa kemika kupaianaha. He koho paʻa, māmā, a kūpono hoʻi ke kumukūʻai no ka kaohi ʻana i nā wai ʻino e hoʻopau i nā kiwikā metala.

ʻO ka mana nui o ka Polypropylene ʻo ia kona kūpaʻa kemika. Kū maikaʻi ia i nā ʻano waikawa like ʻole, nā kumu, nā paʻakai, a me nā kemika ʻoihana. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai ia i mea pono i nā ʻoihana e like me ka hana kemika, ka mālama wai, a me ka mahiʻai. Ma Pntek, ua ʻike mākou i ka hiki a ua hoʻoholo e hoʻomaikaʻi iā ia. Ua hoʻomohala mākou i kā mākou ponoʻīKiwikā Pōpō Hoʻopili PPma muli o kahi hoʻolālā hoʻoheheʻe kūʻokoʻa a patent. Hāʻawi kēia iā mākou i ka mana piha ma luna o ka maikaʻi a me ka hana. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi ko mākou kūpaʻa i kahiKa helu PN16 no nā nui āpau, mai ka mea liʻiliʻi a i ka mea nui loa. ʻAʻole kēia he mea maʻamau ma ka mākeke, akā ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou e kūlike ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi. ʻO kēia kekahi kumu nui i kūʻai maikaʻi ʻia ai kā mākou mau valves ma nā mākeke koi ma Asia Hikina Hema, ka Hikina Waena, a me ʻAmelika Hema. Hāʻawi lākou i kahi hopena hilinaʻi a kūpono hoʻi no ka hoʻokele palekana ʻana i nā kemika a me ka wai.

ʻO ka pae kiwikā pōpō PN16 PP a Pntek

ʻAno Hoʻohui	Nā Nui i Loaʻa
Hopena Socket	20mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 75mm, 90mm, 110mm
Wāhi Wili ʻia	1/2″, 3/4″, 1″, 1-1/4″, 1-1/2″, 2″, 2-1/2″, 3″, 4″

Hopena

He mea nui ka helu PN16 o ka valve pōpō PP, akā e noʻonoʻo mau i ka mahana. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia pilina no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana palekana, hilinaʻi, a lōʻihi hoʻi no kāu poʻe kūʻai.