I mea e pale aku ai i ka ʻaila lubricating mai ka liki ʻana i waho a me ke komo ʻana o nā mea ʻē, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi uhi annular i hana ʻia me hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha mau ʻāpana ma kekahi apo a i ʻole ka washer o ka bearing a hoʻopili i kekahi apo a i ʻole washer ʻē aʻe, e hana ana i kahi hakahaka liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia he labyrinth. ʻO nā apo laholio me kahi ʻāpana kea poepoe e hana i ke apo sila. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he apo sila ʻano O ma muli o kona ʻāpana kea ʻano O.

1. Apo sila ʻili nitrile NBR

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai, ka ʻaila kinoea, ka ʻaila silicone, ka ʻaila lubricating i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka diester, ka ʻaila hydraulic i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka petroleum, a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe me ia. I kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka sila rubber haʻahaʻa loa ke kumu kūʻai a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana me nā solvents polar e like me chloroform, nitrohydrocarbons, ketones, ozone, a me MEK. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana ʻana he -40 a 120 °C.

2. Apo sila nitrile hydrogenated HNBR

He kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona i ka ozone, ka lā, a me ke aniau, a he kūpaʻa loa ia i ka pala, nā haehae, a me ke ʻano hoʻololi ʻana o ke kaomi. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kūpaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nitrile rubber. Kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mīkini kaʻa a me nā lako ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i kēia me nā hopena ʻala, nā waiʻona, a i ʻole nā ​​esters. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana he -40 a 150 °C.

3. Apo sila ʻili silicone SIL

Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka wela, ke anu, ka ozone, a me ka ʻelemakule o ka lewa. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano insulating maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole ia e kūpaʻa i ka ʻaila, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona ikaika tensile ma mua o ka rapa maʻamau. Kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana me nā mea hoʻomehana wai uila, nā hao uila, nā umu microwave, a me nā lako hale ʻē aʻe. He kūpono nō hoʻi ia no nā mea like ʻole, e like me nā puna wai inu a me nā ipu hao, e pili ana i ka ʻili o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka sodium hydroxide, nā aila, nā waikawa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka pae mahana no ka hana maʻamau he -55 ~ 250 °C.

4. Apo sila ʻōpala fluorine VITON

ʻO kona ʻano ʻino loa, ka ozone, a me ke kūpaʻa kemika e kūlike me kona kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe; akā naʻe, ʻo kona kūpaʻa anu he subpar. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā aila a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, ʻoiai nā waikawa, nā hydrocarbons aliphatic a me nā mea ʻala, a me nā aila mea kanu a me nā holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia iā ia. He kūpono no nā ʻōnaehana wahie, nā hale hana kemika, a me nā koi sila ʻenekini diesel. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana me nā ketones, nā esters kaumaha molekala haʻahaʻa, a me nā hui i loaʻa nā nitrates. -20 a 250 °C ka pae mahana hana maʻamau.

5. Apo sila ʻōpala fluorosilicone FLS

Hoʻohui kāna hana i nā ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka silicone a me ka fluorine rubber. He kūpaʻa loa hoʻi ia i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā aila wahie, nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā haʻahaʻa, a me nā aila. hiki ke kū i ka ʻino ʻana o nā kemika e like me ka oxygen, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e loaʻa ana nā hydrocarbons ʻala, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e loaʻa ana ka chlorine. -50~200 °C ka pae mahana hana maʻamau.

6. Apo sila EPDM EPDM

He kūpaʻa ia i ka wai, kūpaʻa i nā kemika, kūpaʻa i ka ozone, a kūpaʻa i ka wā. Hana maikaʻi ia no nā noi sila e pili ana i nā waiʻona a me nā ketones a me ka mahu wai wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana he -55 a 150 °C.

7. Apo sila neoprene CR

He kūpaʻa loa ia i ka wā a me ka lā. He kūpaʻa ia i nā waikawa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me nā lubricants grease silicone, a ʻaʻole ia e makaʻu i nā refrigerants e like me dichlorodifluoromethane a me ammonia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui nui ia i nā aila mineral me nā kiko aniline haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā mahana haʻahaʻa e maʻalahi ai ka crystallization a me ka paʻakikī. He kūpono ia no nā ʻano lewa, ka lā, a me nā kūlana i hōʻike ʻia i ka ozone a me nā ʻano pili sila kemika a me ka lapalapa. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana me nā waikawa ikaika, nitrohydrocarbons, esters, ketone compounds, a me chloroform. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana ʻana he -55 a 120 °C.

8. Apo sila ʻili butyl IIR

Hana maikaʻi loa ia ma ke ʻano o ka paʻa ʻana o ka ea, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kūpaʻa UV, ke kūpaʻa ozone, a me ka insulation; eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke kū i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea oxidizable a me nā aila holoholona a me nā mea kanu a he kūpaʻa maikaʻi i nā solvents polar e like me nā alcohols, ketones, a me nā esters. Kūpono no nā lako vacuum a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea hana pale kemika. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana pū me ke kerosene, nā hydrocarbons aromatic, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea hoʻoheheʻe petroleum. -50 a 110 °C ka pae mahana hana maʻamau.

9. Apo sila ʻili acrylic ACM

ʻO kona kūpaʻa i ke aniau, ke kūpaʻa i ka ʻaila, a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kaomi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea a pau ma mua o ka awelika, akā naʻe, ʻo kona ikaika mechanical, ke kūpaʻa wai, a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, he maikaʻi loa ia. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele mana a me nā pahu pahu o nā kaʻa. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka wai paleki, ka wai wela, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​phosphate esters. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana ʻana he -25 a 170 °C.

10. NR apo sila ʻalapona kūlohelohe

He ikaika nā waiwai rapa i ka haehae ʻana, ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana, ka ʻaʻahu ʻana, a me ka elasticity. Eia naʻe, ʻelemakule koke ia i ka lewa, pipili i ka wā e wela ai, hoʻonui koke, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka ʻaila mineral a i ʻole ka gasoline, a kū i ka waikawa palupalu akā ʻaʻole ka alkali ikaika. Kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wai me nā ion hydroxyl, e like me ka ethanol a me ka wai paleki kaʻa. -20 a 100 °C ka pae mahana hana maʻamau.

11. Apo sila ʻōpala polyurethane PU

He maikaʻi loa nā ʻano mechanical o ka polyurethane rubber; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā rubbers ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi. ʻO kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻelemakule, ka ozone, a me ka ʻaila he maikaʻi loa ia; akā, i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hydrolysis. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pilina e hiki ke kū i ka ʻaʻahu a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pae mahana maʻamau no ka hana he -45 a 90 °C.