I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hopena hope loa kiʻekiʻe, pono nā ʻāpana like ʻole e hana like me ka ʻole o ka hewa. ʻO nā mea ʻike kūlana, kahi mea liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi i ka automation ʻoihana, ke kumuhana o kēia ʻatikala. Hōʻoia nā mea ʻike kūlana ma nā hale hana hana a me nā hana hana e hoʻokō ʻia nā hana koʻikoʻi e like me ka hoʻolālā, kahi e kōkua ai i ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā kaʻina hana. I mea e pololei ai, ʻo kā lākou hana nui ka loaʻa ʻana o nā "pahuhopu" a i ʻole ka neʻe ʻana i nā mea a hōʻike i ko lākou alo a i ʻole ka ʻole. Loaʻa i nā valves pneumatic nā ʻano hoʻohana like ʻole no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana e haʻi ana iā ia e hana i kahi hana i hoʻolālā mua ʻia ke aia kahi pahuhopu i loko o kahi mamao i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia o ka mea ʻike kūlana.

Hāʻawi ka mea ʻike kūlana i kahi hōʻailona e haʻi ana i ka ʻōnaehana e hoʻōki i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēlā hana i hoʻolālā mua ʻia a i ʻole e hoʻololi i kahi hana ʻē aʻe ke neʻe aku ka pahuhopu mai ka mea ʻike kūlana. ʻOiai paha he mea like ka pahuhopu ma ke kumumanaʻo, e nānā wale kēia ʻatikala i nā pahuhopu metala a me nā ʻano "mainstream" no ka ʻimi ʻana iā lākou no ka maʻalahi. ʻO nā kuapo palena mīkini, nā mea ʻike kokoke inductive, nā kuapo palena puna, a me nā kuapo palena kekahi o kēia mau ʻenehana. He mea kōkua ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā mea hana sensor ma mua o ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻano sensor kūlana he nui.

• Ka laulā ʻike: ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o ka maka ʻike a me ka pahuhopu hoʻāla kuapo

• Hysteresis: ka mamao ma waena o ke kiko hoʻokuʻu a me ke kiko hoʻāla o ke kuapo

• Hana hou ʻia: ʻO ka hiki o ke kuapo i ke ola holoʻokoʻa e ʻike mau i ka pahuhopu like i loko o ka laulā like.

• Ka manawa pane: ka manawa ma waena o ka ʻike ʻana i ka pahuhopu a me ka hana ʻana o ka hōʻailona hoʻopuka.

kuapo palena mechanical

ʻO nā mea hana electromechanical i kapa ʻia he mechanical limit switches e hoʻohana i ka pilina kino pololei me kahi pahuhopu e ʻike ai i ke kūlana o ka pahuhopu. Hiki iā lākou ke kākoʻo i nā ukana kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa a hana me ka ʻole o kahi kumu mana. ʻAʻole mālama nā kuapo mechanical i ka polarity a i ʻole ka voltage no ka mea hoʻohana lākou i nā pilina maloʻo, e kūʻē iā lākou i nā hemahema uila like ʻole e like me ka walaʻau uila, ka hoʻopilikia alapine lekiō, ke au leakage, a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka voltage. ʻO ka lima lever, ka pihi, ke kino, ke kumu, ke poʻo, nā pilina, nā kikowaena, a me nā mea neʻe ʻē aʻe o kēia mau kuapo e pono pinepine ai ka mālama. ʻO nā kuapo palena mechanical Votto he haʻahaʻa paha ka hana hou ʻana no ka mea aia lākou i ka pā kino pololei me ka pahuhopu. Hiki ke ʻaʻahu ʻia ka pahuhopu ponoʻī a me ka lima lever ma o ka pilina kino. Aia kekahi mau puka i pale ʻole ʻia e hiki ke maʻalahi i ka pala, ka lepo, a me ka makū. Ma muli o kēia pilikia, hele pinepine mai nā wahi weliweli i hōʻoia ʻia a me nā pilina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

Palena puna kuapo

He mea hana electromechanical ka kuapo palena puna e hoʻohana ana i ka huki magnetic e hoʻoholo ai i kahi o kahi pahuhopu magnetic. ʻElua mau prongs metala liʻiliʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi paipu aniani e waiho ana i loko o ke kuapo. ʻO kahi "element reed" kēia. Ma muli o kona ʻike magnetic, pane ka element reed i nā pahuhopu magnetic ma ka hoʻāla ʻana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e pono e hoʻopili pololei me ka pahuhopu e hana, hāʻawi nā kuapo palena puna i nā pono āpau o nā kuapo mechanical me ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia o ka ʻaʻahu ʻana.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pahuhopu ferrous maʻamau me nā kuapo palena puna; pono nā pahuhopu magnetic. ʻAʻole hilinaʻi ʻia ke kuapo ʻohe no ka mea ua luhi ka ʻāpana ʻohe, ka paipu aniani, a me nā prongs metala liʻiliʻi i ka kūlou ʻana. Hiki i ke kaomi pili haʻahaʻa ke hopena i ka haʻalulu o nā pilina a me nā hōʻailona hewa mai ka ʻohe i nā kūlana haʻalulu kiʻekiʻe.

Nā Mea ʻIke no ka Inductive Proximity

Hoʻohana kahi mea uila paʻa i kapa ʻia he sensor kokoke inductive i nā loli i ke kahua ikehu o kahi mea metala e hoʻoholo ai i kona wahi. ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻopā kino, a ʻaʻohe ʻāpana neʻe e paʻa, ʻaʻahu ʻia, a hōʻino paha, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ka mālama ʻana. He kūpaʻa hoʻi ia i ka lepo a me ka pelapela no ka mea ʻaʻohe ona ʻāpana neʻe. He maʻalahi loa nā sensor kokoke inductive no nā ʻano noi like ʻole a loaʻa i nā nui a me nā hoʻolālā. ʻAʻole hiki i nā sensor kokoke inductive ke ʻae i nā ukana o kēia manawa kiʻekiʻe a pono i kahi kumu mana waho (uila) e hana. Hiki paha iā lākou ke palupalu i nā hāʻule voltage, nā kahe leakage, ka hoʻopilikia alapine lekiō, a me ka walaʻau uila. ʻO nā loli wela nui a me ke komo ʻana o ka makū i kekahi manawa hiki ke lilo i mea maikaʻi ʻole no nā sensor kokoke inductive.

kuapo palena palena

Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻenehana hybrid kūikawā, hiki i nā kuapo palena palena ke ʻimi i nā pahuhopu ferrous ma o nā kahua electromagnetic. He hilinaʻi nui nā kuapo palena leverless i nā kūlana paʻakikī a me ka hoʻohana lōʻihi. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe pono no ka hoʻopā kino a i ʻole ka mana o waho, hiki ke hana i nā ukana au nui a ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa, kūlou, wāwahi, a wili paha. E like me nā kuapo mechanical, ʻaʻole lākou e pale i ka walaʻau uila, ka hoʻopilikia alapine lekiō, nā kahe leakage, a me nā hāʻule voltage. ʻAʻole lākou e pili i ka polarity- a i ʻole ka voltage. ʻAʻohe hopena o ka lepo, ka lepo, ka pulu, ka hoʻopā kino, a me ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻino a i ʻole nā ​​​​kemika i nā kuapo palena palena. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano he laulā ākea o ka mahana hana a palekana maoli. He kūpono ka kuapo palena leverless no nā noi e pono ai ka paʻa wai a me ka pale pahū ma muli o kāna mau pilina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me ka pā hao paʻa.

He mea koʻikoʻi nā mea ʻike kūlana no ka automation o nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana. Nui nā ʻenehana ʻike kūlana ma ka mākeke, kēlā me kēia me kahi hoʻonohonoho ʻokoʻa o nā ʻano hana. I mea e loaʻa ai ka hana a me ka hilinaʻi e pono ai, pono e mālama pono e koho i ke ʻano kūpono o ka mea ʻike no ka noi.