1 Nā kiko koʻikoʻi o ke koho ʻana i ka valve

1.1 E wehewehe i ke kumu o ka valve i loko o ka lako a i ʻole ka hāmeʻa

E hoʻoholo i nā kūlana hana o ka valve: ke ʻano o ka medium kūpono, kaomi hana, ka mahana hana a me ke ʻano hana hoʻomalu, a pēlā aku;

1.2 E koho pololei i ke ʻano o ka valve

ʻO ke koho pololei ʻana o ke ʻano o ka valve e pili ana i ka ʻike piha o ka mea hoʻolālā i ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa a me nā kūlana hana. I ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano o ka valve, pono mua ka mea hoʻolālā e aʻo i nā ʻano kūkulu a me ka hana o kēlā me kēia valve;

1.3 E hoʻoholo i ka pilina hopena o ka valve

Ma waena o ka pilina wili, ka pilina flange a me ka pilina hopena wili, ʻo nā mea mua ʻelua ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. ʻO nā kiwikā wili he mau kiwikā me ke anawaena inoa ma lalo o 50mm. Inā nui loa ka nui o ke anawaena, he paʻakikī loa ke kau ʻana a me ke sila ʻana o ka pilina. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kau ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i nā kiwikā i hoʻopili ʻia me Flange, akā ʻoi aku ke kaumaha a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ma mua o nā kiwikā wili, no laila kūpono lākou no nā pilina paipu o nā diameters a me nā kaomi like ʻole. He kūpono nā pilina wili no nā kūlana ukana kaumaha a ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi ma mua o nā pilina flange. Eia nō naʻe, he paʻakikī ke wehe a hoʻouka hou i nā kiwikā i hoʻopili ʻia e ka wili ʻana, no laila ua kaupalena ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā manawa hiki ke hana maʻamau me ka hilinaʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi, a i ʻole he paʻakikī nā kūlana hoʻohana a kiʻekiʻe ka mahana;

1.4 Koho ʻana i nā mea hana valve

Ma waho aʻe o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā waiwai kino (mahana, kaomi) a me nā waiwai kemika (corrosiveness) o ka mea hana, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka maʻemaʻe o ka mea hana (inā he mau ʻāpana paʻa) i ke koho ʻana i nā mea o ka pūpū valve, nā ʻāpana kūloko a me ka ʻili sila. Eia kekahi, pono e nānā i nā lula pili o ka mokuʻāina a me ka ʻoihana mea hoʻohana. ʻO ke koho pololei a kūpono hoʻi o nā mea valve hiki ke loaʻa i ke ola lawelawe waiwai loa a me ka hana maikaʻi loa o ka valve. ʻO ke kauoha koho o nā mea kino valve: hao hoʻolei-kalapona kila-kila kila, a ʻo ke kauoha koho o nā mea apo sila: rubber-keleawe-kila kila-F4;

1.5 Nā mea ʻē aʻe

Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ke kahe a me ka pae kaomi o ke wai e kahe ana ma o ka valve, a pono e koho ʻia ka valve kūpono me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻike e kū nei (e like me nā papa inoa huahana valve, nā laʻana huahana valve, a pēlā aku).

2 Hoʻolauna i nā Valves Maʻamau

Nui nā ʻano o nā kiwikā, a he paʻakikī nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano nuinā kiwikā puka, nā kiwikā hoʻōki, nā kiwikā throttle,nā kiwikā pepeke, nā kiwikā plug, nā kiwikā pōpō, nā kiwikā uila, nā kiwikā diaphragm, nā kiwikā nānā, nā kiwikā palekana, nā kiwikā hoʻēmi kaomi,nā pahele mahu a me nā kiwikā pani pilikia,ma waena o nā mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo nā kiwikā puka, nā kiwikā hoʻōki, nā kiwikā throttle, nā kiwikā plug, nā kiwikā butterfly, nā kiwikā pōpō, nā kiwikā nānā, a me nā kiwikā diaphragm.

2.1 Pākuʻi Puka

ʻO ka valve puka he valve nona ke kino wehe a pani (pā valve) e hoʻokele ʻia e ke kumu valve a neʻe i luna a i lalo ma ka ʻili sila o ka noho valve, hiki ke hoʻopili a ʻoki paha i ke ala o ke kahe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka valve kū, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana sila o ka valve puka, emi ke kūpaʻa wai, emi ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka wehe ʻana a me ka pani ʻana, a loaʻa iā ia kekahi hana hoʻoponopono. ʻO ia kekahi o nā valve pani i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. ʻO nā hemahema he nui ka nui, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ʻano ma mua o ka valve kū, maʻalahi ke komo ʻana o ka ʻili sila, a paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana. ʻAʻole kūpono ia no ka throttling. Wahi a ke kūlana o ke kaula ma ke kumu valve puka, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: ke ʻano kumu piʻi a me ke ʻano kumu huna. Wahi a nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho o ka pā puka, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: ke ʻano wedge a me ke ʻano like.

2.2 Pākuʻi kiwikā

ʻO ka valve kū he valve pani i lalo, kahi e hoʻokele ʻia ai nā ʻāpana wehe a pani (disc valve) e ke kumu valve e neʻe i luna a i lalo ma ke axis o ka noho valve (sila ʻili). Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka valve puka, he hana hoʻoponopono maikaʻi kona, hana sila maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi, hana maʻalahi a mālama, pale wai nui, a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa. He valve ʻoki maʻamau ia, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā pipelines waena a me ke anawaena liʻiliʻi.

2.3 Pākuʻi pōpō

ʻO nā ʻāpana wehe a pani o ka valve pōpō he mau spheres me nā lua poepoe, a ke hoʻohuli nei ka sphere me ke kumu valve e hoʻokō i ka wehe a me ka pani ʻana o ka valve. He ʻano maʻalahi ka valve pōpō, hoʻololi wikiwiki, hana maʻalahi, liʻiliʻi ka nui, māmā ke kaumaha, liʻiliʻi nā ʻāpana, pale wai liʻiliʻi, sila maikaʻi, a mālama maʻalahi.

2.4 Pākuʻi hoʻoheheʻe

Koe wale nō ka diski valve, ʻo ke ʻano o ka valve throttle he ʻano like me ka valve hoʻōki. ʻO kona disc valve kahi ʻāpana throttling, a he ʻano like ʻole nā ​​​​ʻano like ʻole. ʻAʻole pono ke anawaena o ka noho valve e nui loa, no ka mea, he liʻiliʻi kona kiʻekiʻe wehe a piʻi ka nui o ke kahe waena, a laila e wikiwiki ai ka ʻino ʻana o ka disc valve. He liʻiliʻi nā ana o ka valve throttle, he māmā ke kaumaha, a he hana hoʻoponopono maikaʻi, akā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka pololei o ka hoʻoponopono.

2.5 Pākuʻi kiwikā

Hoʻohana ka valve plug i ke kino plug me kahi lua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana wehe a pani, a hoʻohuli ke kino plug me ke kumu valve e hoʻokō i ka wehe a me ka pani ʻana. He ʻano maʻalahi ka valve plug, wehe wikiwiki a pani, hana maʻalahi, pale wai liʻiliʻi, liʻiliʻi nā ʻāpana, a māmā ke kaumaha. Loaʻa nā valve plug i nā ʻano pololei, ʻekolu ala, a me ʻehā ala. Hoʻohana ʻia nā valve plug pololei e ʻoki i ka medium, a hoʻohana ʻia nā valve plug ʻekolu ala a me ʻehā ala e hoʻololi i ke kuhikuhi o ka medium a hoʻohuli paha i ka medium.

2.6 Pākuʻi Pepeiao

ʻO ka valve butterfly kahi papa butterfly e hoʻohuli ana i 90° a puni kahi axis paʻa i loko o ke kino valve e hoʻopau i ka hana wehe a pani. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka valve butterfly, māmā ke kaumaha, maʻalahi ke ʻano, a he mau ʻāpana wale nō.

A hiki ke wehe koke ʻia a pani ʻia ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i 90°, a he maʻalahi hoʻi ke hana. Ke wehe piha ʻia ka valve butterfly, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka papa butterfly wale nō ke kūʻē i ka wā e kahe ai ke kikowaena ma ke kino valve. No laila, he liʻiliʻi loa ka emi ʻana o ke kaomi i hana ʻia e ka valve, no laila he mau ʻano kaohi kahe maikaʻi kona. Ua māhele ʻia nā valve butterfly i ʻelua ʻano sila: sila palupalu elastic a me sila paʻakikī metala. No nā valves sila elastic, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ke apo sila i loko o ke kino valve a i ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia i ka periphery o ka papa butterfly. Loaʻa iā ia ka hana sila maikaʻi a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka throttling, a me nā pipelines vacuum medium a me nā media corrosive. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe o nā valves me nā sila metala ma mua o nā valves me nā sila elastic, akā he paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i ka sila piha. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i nā manawa kahi e loli nui ai ke kahe a me ka emi ʻana o ke kaomi a pono ka hana throttling maikaʻi. Hiki i nā sila metala ke hoʻololi i nā mahana hana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻo nā sila elastic he kīnā o ka palena ʻia e ka mahana.

2.7 Kiwikā nānā

ʻO ka valve nānā he valve hiki ke pale aku i ke kahe hou ʻana o ka wai. Wehe ʻia ka disc valve o ka valve nānā ma lalo o ka hana a ke kaomi wai, a kahe ke wai mai ka ʻaoʻao komo a i ka ʻaoʻao puka. Ke haʻahaʻa ke kaomi ma ka ʻaoʻao komo ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao puka, pani koke ka disc valve ma lalo o ka hana a nā mea e like me ka ʻokoʻa o ke kaomi wai a me kona kaumaha ponoʻī e pale aku i ke kahe hou ʻana o ka wai. Wahi a ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho, ua māhele ʻia i ka valve nānā hāpai a me ka valve nānā wili. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka sila ʻana o ka valve nānā hāpai ma mua o ka valve nānā wili a me ke kūʻē wai nui aʻe. No ka puka omo o ka paipu omo pamu, pono e koho ʻia kahi valve wāwae. ʻO kāna hana: e hoʻopiha i ka paipu komo pamu me ka wai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka pamu; e mālama i ka paipu komo a me ke kino pamu i piha i ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka pamu no ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia ka valve wāwae ma ka paipu kū pololei ma ka puka pamu, a kahe ke kikowaena mai lalo a luna.

2.8 Kiwikā diaphragm

ʻO ka ʻāpana wehe a me ka pani ʻana o ka valve diaphragm he diaphragm laholio, kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o ke kino valve a me ka uhi valve.

Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻāpana i waho o ka diaphragm ma ke kumu o ka valve, a ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ka valve me ka laholio. ʻOiai ʻaʻole komo ka mea waena i loko o ka lua o loko o ka uhi valve, ʻaʻole pono ka pahu hoʻopihapiha i ke kumu valve. He ʻano maʻalahi ka valve diaphragm, hana sila maikaʻi, mālama maʻalahi, a haʻahaʻa ke kūpaʻa wai. Ua māhele ʻia nā valve diaphragm i ke ʻano weir, ke ʻano pololei, ke ʻano ʻākau a me ke ʻano direct current.

3 Nā kuhikuhi koho valve maʻamau

3.1 Nā kuhikuhi koho ʻana i ka valve puka

Ma keʻano laulā, pono e koho mua ʻia nā kiwikā puka. Ma waho aʻe o ka mahu, ka ʻaila a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe, kūpono hoʻi nā kiwikā puka no nā mea hana e loaʻa ana nā mea paʻa granular a me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono hoʻi no nā kiwikā no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ea a me nā ʻōnaehana vacuum haʻahaʻa. No nā mea hana me nā ʻāpana paʻa, pono i ke kino kiwikā puka ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau lua purge. No nā mea hana haʻahaʻa wela, pono e koho ʻia kahi kiwikā puka kūikawā haʻahaʻa wela.

3.2 Nā kuhikuhi koho ʻana i ka valve hoʻōki

He kūpono ka valve hoʻōki no nā pipelines me nā koi haʻahaʻa no ke kū'ē ʻana i ke kahe, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i manaʻo nui ʻia ka pohō kaomi, a me nā pipelines a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana me nā media wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. He kūpono ia no nā pipelines mahu a me nā media ʻē aʻe me DN <200mm; hiki i nā valves liʻiliʻi ke hoʻohana i nā valves hoʻōki, e like me nā valves nila, nā valves mea hana, nā valves laʻana, nā valves anakahi kaomi, a pēlā aku; loaʻa i nā valves hoʻōki ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ke kaomi ʻana, akā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka pololei o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, a he liʻiliʻi ke anawaena o ka pipeline, no laila pono e koho i nā valves hoʻōki a i ʻole nā ​​​​valve throttle; no nā media ʻawaʻawa loa, pono e koho i nā valves hoʻōki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka bellows; akā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā valves hoʻōki no nā media me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe a me nā media i loaʻa nā ʻāpana i maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā valves vent a me nā valves no nā ʻōnaehana vacuum haʻahaʻa.

3.3 Nā kuhikuhi koho ʻana i ka valve pōpō

He kūpono nā kiwikā pōpō no nā pāpaho haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kiwikā pōpō i loko o nā pāpaho me nā ʻāpana paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā pāpaho pauka a me ka granular e like me nā koi o ka sila; ʻaʻole kūpono nā kiwikā pōpō piha-kahawai no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kahe, akā kūpono no nā manawa e pono ai ka wehe wikiwiki a me ka pani ʻana, kahi mea kūpono no ka ʻoki ulia pōpilikia i nā ulia; ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia nā kiwikā pōpō no nā paipu me ka hana sila paʻa, ka ʻaʻahu, nā kahawai shrinkage, ka wehe wikiwiki a me ka pani ʻana, ka ʻoki kiʻekiʻe-kaomi (ʻokoʻa kaomi nui), ka walaʻau haʻahaʻa, ka hanana gasification, ka torque hana liʻiliʻi, a me ke kūʻē wai liʻiliʻi; kūpono nā kiwikā pōpō no nā hale māmā, ka ʻoki haʻahaʻa-kaomi, a me nā pāpaho corrosive; ʻo nā kiwikā pōpō kekahi mau kiwikā kūpono loa no nā pāpaho haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa a me ke anuanu hohonu. No nā ʻōnaehana paipu a me nā mea hana no nā pāpaho haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa, pono e koho ʻia nā kiwikā pōpō haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa me nā uhi kiwikā; i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā kiwikā pōpō lana, pono e hāpai ka mea noho kiwikā i ka ukana o ka pōpō a me ka mea hana. Pono nā kiwikā pōpō nui i ka ikaika nui i ka wā o ka hana, a pono e hoʻohana nā kiwikā pōpō DN≥200mm i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka mīkini ilo; kūpono nā kiwikā pōpō paʻa no nā hanana me nā diameters nui a me nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe; eia kekahi, pono nā kiwikā pōpō i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pipelines o nā mea hana ʻawaʻawa loa a me nā mea lapalapa i nā ʻano ahi a me nā ʻano anti-static.

3.4 Nā Kuhikuhi Koho no ka Throttle Valve

He kūpono nā kiwikā Throttle no nā hanana me ka mahana waena haʻahaʻa a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono hoʻi no nā ʻāpana e pono ai ke hoʻoponopono i ke kahe a me ke kaomi. ʻAʻole kūpono lākou no nā media me ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe a loaʻa nā ʻāpana paʻa, a ʻaʻole kūpono no nā kiwikā hoʻokaʻawale.

3.5 Nā Kuhikuhi Koho no ka Plug Valve

He kūpono nā kiwikā plug no nā hanana e pono ai ka wehe wikiwiki a me ka pani ʻana. ʻAʻole kūpono lākou no nā mea mahu a me nā mea wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no nā mea me ka mahana haʻahaʻa a me ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono hoʻi no nā mea me nā ʻāpana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia.

3.6 Nā Kuhikuhi Koho no ka Pāpale Pepeiao

He kūpono nā kiwikā pepeke no nā hanana me nā anawaena nui (e like me DN﹥600mm) a me nā koi lōʻihi pōkole, a me nā hanana e pono ai ke hoʻoponopono kahe a me ka wehe wikiwiki a me ka pani ʻana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou no nā mea hana e like me ka wai, ka ʻaila a me ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā mahana ≤80℃ a me nā kaomi ≤1.0MPa; ʻoiai he nui ka pohō kaomi o nā kiwikā pepeke i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kiwikā puka a me nā kiwikā pōpō, kūpono nā kiwikā pepeke no nā ʻōnaehana paipu me nā koi pohō kaomi haʻahaʻa.

3.7 Nā ʻŌlelo Aʻo Koho no ka Valve Nānā

ʻO ka laulā, kūpono nā kiwikā nānā no nā mea hana maʻemaʻe, a ʻaʻole kūpono no nā mea hana i loaʻa nā ʻāpana paʻa a me ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe. Ke DN≤40mm, he mea kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kiwikā nānā hāpai (ʻae wale ʻia e hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā paipu ākea); ke DN = 50 ~ 400mm, he mea kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kiwikā nānā hāpai swing (hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā paipu ākea a me ke kū. Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi paipu kū, pono ke kuhikuhi kahe waena mai lalo a luna); ke DN = 450mm, he mea kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kiwikā nānā buffer; ke DN = 100 ~ 400mm, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi kiwikā nānā wafer; hiki ke hana ʻia ka kiwikā nānā swing i kahi kaomi hana kiʻekiʻe loa, hiki i ka PN ke hiki i ka 42MPa, a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kekahi mea hana a me kekahi pae mahana hana e like me nā mea like ʻole o ka pūpū a me nā sila. ʻO ka mea hana he wai, mahu, kinoea, mea hana corrosive, ʻaila, lāʻau lapaʻau, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka pae mahana hana waena ma waena o -196 ~ 800℃.

3.8 Nā kuhikuhi koho ʻana i ka valve diaphragm

He kūpono nā kiwikā diaphragm no ka ʻaila, ka wai, nā mea waikawa a me nā mea i loaʻa nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia me ka mahana hana ma lalo o 200 ℃ a me ke kaomi ma lalo o 1.0MPa, akā ʻaʻole no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a me nā mea hoʻomake ikaika. He kūpono nā kiwikā diaphragm ʻano Weir no nā mea granular abrasive. Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka papa ʻaina kahe no ke koho ʻana i nā kiwikā diaphragm ʻano weir. He kūpono nā kiwikā diaphragm pololei no nā wai viscous, nā slurries sima a me nā mea sedimentary. Koe wale nō nā koi kikoʻī, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā kiwikā diaphragm ma nā paipu vacuum a me nā lako vacuum.